全文获取类型
收费全文 | 509篇 |
免费 | 104篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1篇 |
儿科学 | 13篇 |
妇产科学 | 5篇 |
基础医学 | 56篇 |
口腔科学 | 3篇 |
临床医学 | 80篇 |
内科学 | 74篇 |
皮肤病学 | 12篇 |
神经病学 | 21篇 |
特种医学 | 122篇 |
外科学 | 22篇 |
综合类 | 39篇 |
预防医学 | 28篇 |
眼科学 | 1篇 |
药学 | 10篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 132篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 10篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 27篇 |
2017年 | 15篇 |
2016年 | 25篇 |
2015年 | 15篇 |
2014年 | 25篇 |
2013年 | 32篇 |
2012年 | 14篇 |
2011年 | 25篇 |
2010年 | 21篇 |
2009年 | 26篇 |
2008年 | 20篇 |
2007年 | 18篇 |
2006年 | 13篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 25篇 |
2003年 | 25篇 |
2002年 | 30篇 |
2001年 | 22篇 |
2000年 | 13篇 |
1999年 | 13篇 |
1998年 | 31篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 12篇 |
1994年 | 15篇 |
1993年 | 16篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有621条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Maria A. Friedlander MPA CT CMIAC Dorota Rudomina MBA CT Oscar Lin MD PhD 《Cancer cytopathology》2008,114(1):7-12
BACKGROUND.
The ThinPrep Imaging System (TIS) has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use to decrease the number of false‐negative results in ThinPrep (TP) gynecologic specimens and increase cytotechnology productivity. Although the increased detection of squamous abnormalities using the TIS has been well documented, to the authors' knowledge, data regarding the impact of the TIS in the detection of glandular abnormalities is limited. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the TIS in detecting glandular abnormalities in cervicovaginal specimens.METHODS.
TIS evaluated TP tests with histologic confirmation of adenocarcinoma involving the gynecologic system were included in the current study. Two cytotechnologists independently reviewed the cases for the presence or absence of atypical glandular cells. Review results were correlated with initial cytologic and histologic diagnoses.RESULTS.
A total of 124 cases met the criteria for inclusion in the current study. Seventy of these cases (56%) were found to contain atypical glandular cells on the TP slide. TIS was able to identify atypical cells in 97% of these cases (68 of 70 cases). Nine cases initially reported as benign were found to contain atypical glandular cells on secondary review. All but 1 of these cases contained atypical glandular cells detected by the TIS. The majority of these false‐negative cases (6 of 9 cases) derived from endometrial adenocarcinoma. No cytologic evidence of a glandular abnormality was found in the 54 remaining cases.CONCLUSIONS.
The TIS was found to be effective in identifying atypical glandular cells in specimens containing malignant glandular cells, leading to a full review of the slide. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2008. © 2007 American Cancer Society. 相似文献102.
Benjamin R. Kipp PhD CT MP Fabiola Medeiros MD Michael B. Campion BS Tammy J. Distad CT Lisa M. Peterson CLSp Gary L. Keeney MD Kevin C. Halling MD PhD Amy C. Clayton MD 《Cancer cytopathology》2008,114(4):228-235
BACKGROUND.
Endometrial cytology sampling devices for direct uterine sampling have been shown in previous studies to be a reliable and relatively painless method for detecting endometrial lesions. The purpose of the current study was to determine the performance characteristics of endometrial cytology for the detection of malignancy and atypical hyperplasia using liquid‐based cytology specimens collected with the Tao brush sampler.METHODS.
Brushings of the endometrial cavity were obtained from 139 hysterectomy specimens before routine histopathologic evaluation. Cytology specimens were fixed in PreservCyt and processed using ThinPrep technology. Cytology diagnoses were classified as nondiagnostic, negative, atypical, or positive for malignancy. Histopathologic findings were used as the gold standard for determining the performance characteristics of cytology.RESULTS.
Histopathologic results from the 139 patients included 81 (58%) endometrial cancers, 7 (5%) complex hyperplasias with atypia, 2 (1%) complex hyperplasias without atypia, and 49 (35%) patients with benign histology. The number of specimens diagnosed cytologically as positive, atypical, negative, or nondiagnostic was 60 (43%), 40 (29%), 37 (27%), and 2 (1%) specimens, respectively. The overall sensitivity and specificity of cytology for detecting endometrial cancer and atypical hyperplasia were 95% and 66% when atypical cytology specimens were considered positive.CONCLUSIONS.
The results of the current study indicate that direct endometrial sampling by liquid‐based endometrial cytology collected with the Tao brush sampler produces specimens that contain cellular material that may be identified as endometrial cancer or atypical hyperplasia. Both atypical and positive cytology diagnoses are indicators for triage to more specific methods of diagnosis. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society 相似文献103.
目的着重探讨45例缺血性肠病患者的病因、CT检查技术及其影像表现。资料与方法45例缺血性肠病均经螺旋CT扫描。26例经过手术证实,14例经过治疗痊愈,5例急性死亡。结果其中肠系膜动脉缺血24例,肝固有动脉缺血4例,肠系膜静脉缺血17例。结论严格掌握CT检查技术,根据CT影像表现并密切结合临床,对缺血性肠病患者可以作出确定诊断。 相似文献
104.
The Significance of Mild Squamous Atypia on Cytology 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
J. E. Dew FRACOG P. Athanasatos B AppSc CT CM N. F. Hacker MD FRACOG 《The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology》1995,35(4):443-445
Summary: Between January, 1991 and February, 1993 inclusive, 396 Papanicolaou smears were reported to show Mild Squamous Atypia with or without Human Papilloma Virus (MSA ± HPV). All women with MSA ± HPV smears were routinely recalled for colposcopy. To determine the significance of MSA ± HPV on routine smear screening, the records of all patients were reviewed.
Three hundred and thirty-seven women (85.1%) attended the colposcopy clinic and are the subjects analyzed for this report. The remaining 59 (14.9%) failed to attend. Intraepithelial neoplasia was found in 61 patients (18.1%), of whom 27 (8.0%) had a high grade lesion (CIN 2 or 3 or GIN 2). No patient had invasive cancer of the cervix. Only 1 of the 45 pregnant women had a significant lesion.
It is concluded that all asymptomatic women with MSA ± HPV on cervical smear may be managed in accordance with the current NH and MRC recommendations (1) and have a repeat smear in 6 months and colposcopy if the abnormality persists at 12 months. 相似文献
Three hundred and thirty-seven women (85.1%) attended the colposcopy clinic and are the subjects analyzed for this report. The remaining 59 (14.9%) failed to attend. Intraepithelial neoplasia was found in 61 patients (18.1%), of whom 27 (8.0%) had a high grade lesion (CIN 2 or 3 or GIN 2). No patient had invasive cancer of the cervix. Only 1 of the 45 pregnant women had a significant lesion.
It is concluded that all asymptomatic women with MSA ± HPV on cervical smear may be managed in accordance with the current NH and MRC recommendations (1) and have a repeat smear in 6 months and colposcopy if the abnormality persists at 12 months. 相似文献
105.
Kroese ED; Dortant PM; van Steeg H; van Oostrom CT; van der Houven van Oordt CW; van Kranen HJ; de Vries A; Wester PW; van Kreijl CF 《Carcinogenesis》1997,18(5):975-980
E mu-pim-1 transgenic mice are predisposed to develop lymphomas. Due to
their low spontaneous tumour incidence and their increased sensitivity
towards the lymphomagen ethylnitrosourea these mice may present an
interesting model for short-term carcinogenicity testing. Here, we report
on the further exploration of this transgenic mouse model with two
additional carcinogens known to have, among others, the
lymphohaematopoietic system as target, i.e. benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and
12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). B[a]P, given three times a week
(by gavage) for 13 weeks at 4.3, 13 or 39 mg/kg body weight, resulted in a
dose-related increase in lymphomas up to a 90% incidence in E(mu)-pim-1
mice during the observation period of 40 weeks. B[a]P also induced tumours
of the forestomach within this observation period, though at a lower
incidence and apparently equally effective in wildtype and transgenic mice.
TPA, on the other hand, was unable to induce lymphomas (or tumours in any
other organ) in either transgenic or wildtype animals within the
observation period of 44 weeks, when applied dermally at the maximum
tolerated dose of 3 microg/mouse, twice a week for 35 weeks. Molecular
analysis showed that B[a]P-induced lymphomas in transgenic mice were of
T-cell origin, 80% of which had elevated levels of c-myc expression. None
of the lymphomas had increased N-myc expression and mutation analysis of
the ras-gene family revealed a K-ras mutation in only one out of eight
tumours investigated. Also, none of the lymphomas showed aberrant
expression of p53 as determined by immunohistochemistry. It is concluded
that the E mu-pim-1 mouse model will not be very suitable for short-term
carcinogenicity testing in general: only genotoxic chemicals that have the
lymphohaematopoietic system as target for carcinogenesis in wild- type
mice, appear to be efficiently identified.
相似文献
106.
Early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma: radiotherapy dose and time factors in tumor control 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chang JT; See LC; Liao CT; Chen LH; Leung WM; Chen SW; Chen WC 《Japanese journal of clinical oncology》1998,28(3):207-213
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate radiotherapy dose and length of treatment in the
control of early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with a
combination of external radiotherapy and brachytherapy, MATERIALS &
METHODS: We reviewed the records of 133 patients with early stage
nasopharyngeal carcinoma (stage I or II, AJC/UICC staging system) who
received definitive radiotherapy in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from 1979
to 1991. The median follow-up time was 7.1 years with a minimum of 2 years.
All patients were treated with megavoltage external radiotherapy to the
nasopharynx area (63-72 Gy) followed by high dose rate intracavitary
brachytherapy (5-16.5 Gy in one to three fractions, spaced 1-2 weeks
apart). The median total dose and time of irradiation was 75 Gy (69.8-81.4
Gy) and 11.6 weeks (7.8-20 weeks) respectively. Survival analysis was used
to examine the effect of several variables on prognosis. RESULTS: The
5-year rates were 86.4% for local control, 84.7% for disease free survival,
88.5% for actuarial survival and 84.2% for overall survival. The treatment
group (combination of time and dose of irradiation) was the most important
prognostic factor according to Cox's proportional hazard model. Patients
receiving radiation at a total dose of < or = 75 Gy completed in < 12
weeks showed the best prognosis. CONCLUSION: Treatment time and total
treatment dose are both important factors in treating early stage NPC.
Decreasing the total radiation time to < 12 weeks and not exceeding a
radiation dose of 75 Gy gave the best results.
相似文献
107.
108.
爆裂性骨折所致眼球内陷的CT研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
目的:研究眼眶爆裂性骨折后,眼球内陷与眼眶容积扩大的关系并对眼球内陷进行早期预报。方法:28例单侧眼眶爆裂性骨折后1~350 d患者,分别测量双侧眼球位置和骨性眼眶容积值,计算患侧眼球内陷值(E)和骨性眼眶容积扩大值(V),应用pearson积矩法研究E、V相关性并建立直线回归方程。结果:28例患侧E、V呈正相关(r=0.88,P<0.001);15例≤24 d的患者直线回归方程为E=0.85 V-1.74(r=0.86,P<0.001),13例>24 d的患者直线回归方程为E=0.86 V-0.60(r=0.9,P<0.001)。结论:眼球内陷值与眼眶容积扩大值高度相关;1 mL眼眶容积的扩大,可引起大约0.9mm(0.85~0.86 mm)的眼球内陷。与伤后>24 d的相比,≤24 d的眼球有明显的抗拒内陷的趋势,>24 d之后,这种趋势逐渐消失,随之发生眼球内陷。 相似文献
109.
J. L. Nicklin MBBS Dip RACOG R. G. Wright BSc MB ChB FRCPA J. R. Bell MBBS FRCPath FRCPA H. Samaratunga MBBS LRCP MRCS FRCPA N. C. Cox BSc ADAC CT B. G. Ward MBBS PhD MRCOG FRACOG 《The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology》1991,31(2):179-183
Adenocarcinoma in situ (ACIS) of the uterine cervix is an increasingly recognized disease. Thirty-seven cases were reviewed to determine the effect of HPV, marital status, parity, smoking habit and age on the topography and behaviour of this lesion. Using a commercial probe, 25% of 28 lesions tested were positive for HPV 16/18. The presence of HPV and a history of smoking appeared to exert no significant influence upon the topography and behaviour of ACIS. Nulliparity and a history of never being married was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of coexisting CIN lesions. Age less than 36 years was associated with a significant reduction in the proximal linear extent of ACIS. While hysterectomy is probably the definitive treatment for ACIS of the cervix, there is an important place for conservative management by conization alone. Patients younger than 36 years are most likely to be desirous of retained fertility and appear to have the lesions most amenable to conservative surgery. 相似文献
110.
目的 :探讨 CT在骨骼肌肉系统疾病的应用价值。方法 :回顾性分析经病理证实或临床随访证实的 15 89例骨骼肌肉系统病变的 CT资料 ,并与临床进行对照。结果 :创伤性病变 15 6例 ,涉及颅面骨、脊柱、四肢、骨盆等部位 ,CT可显示复杂部位的细小骨折 ,以及邻近组织的伴随改变。骨关节病 13 79例 ,包括骨关节退行性变 ,无菌性坏死和骨纤维异常增殖症 ,CT可显示椎间盘病变的程度和部位 ,对无菌性坏死及骨纤维异常增殖症亦有独特的诊断价值。骨关节感染性病变 6例 ,肿瘤性病变 13例 ,软组织病变 3 5例 ,对上述 3类疾病 CT亦可提供明确的诊断信息。结论 :CT在骨关节系统具有十分明确的诊断价值 ,可发现常规 X线不能发现的早期表现和微小改变 ,有利于临床制订治疗方案 ,并可用于临床治疗的疗效观察 相似文献